The fault tree analysis (FTA) is one of the most widely used methods in system reliability, maintainability and safety analysis.

It is a deductive procedure that can be used to determine the various combinations of hardware and software failures and human errors that could cause undesired events (referred to as top events) at the system level.

The FTA method can be used to:

• Establish the pathway to the root cause of the failure
• Investigate complaints or deviations to fully understand their root cause
• Ensure that intended improvements will fully resolve the issue and not lead to other issues
• Evaluate how multiple factors affect a given issue

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP)

Hazard analysis and critical control points or HACCP is a systematic preventive approach to food safety from biological, chemical, and physical hazards in production processes that can cause the finished product to be unsafe, and designs measurements to reduce these risks to a safe level.

The HACCP method can be used to:

• Identify and manage risks associated with physical, chemical and biological hazards
• Useful when process understanding is sufficiently comprehensive to support identification of critical control points (critical parameters / variables)
• Facilitates monitoring of critical points in the manufacturing process